Spark Cast String Type to Integer Type (int)

In Spark SQL, in order to convert/cast String Type to Integer Type (int), you can use cast() function of Column class, use this function with withColumn(), select(), selectExpr() and SQL expression. This function takes the argument string representing the type you wanted to convert or any type that is a subclass of DataType.

Key points

• cast() – cast() is a function from Column class that is used to convert the column into the other datatype.
• When Spark unable to convert into a specific type, cast() function returns a null value.
• This function takes the argument string representing the type you wanted to convert or any type that is a subclass of DataType.
• Spark SQL takes the different syntax INETGER(String column) to cast types.

Following are some Spark examples that change/convert String Type to Integer Type (int).

import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.col
import org.apache.spark.sql.types.IntegerType

// Convert String to Integer Type
df.withColumn("salary",col("salary").cast(IntegerType))
df.withColumn("salary",col("salary").cast("int"))
df.withColumn("salary",col("salary").cast("integer"))

// Using select
df.select(col("salary").cast("int").as("salary"))

//Using selectExpr()
df.selectExpr("cast(salary as int) salary","isGraduated")
df.selectExpr("INT(salary)","isGraduated")

//Using with spark.sql()
spark.sql("SELECT INT(salary),BOOLEAN(isGraduated),gender from CastExample")
spark.sql("SELECT cast(salary as int) salary, BOOLEAN(isGraduated),gender from CastExample")

1. Setup a DataFrame

Let’s run with some examples.

val spark = SparkSession.builder
      .master("local[1]")
      .appName("SparkByExamples.com")
      .getOrCreate()

val simpleData = Seq(("James",34,"true","M","3000.6089"),
         ("Michael",33,"true","F","3300.8067"),
         ("Robert",37,"false","M","5000.5034")
     )

import spark.implicits._
val df = simpleData.toDF("firstname","age","isGraduated","gender","salary")
df.printSchema()

Outputs below schema. Note that column salary is a string type.

2. withColumn() – Cast String to Integer Type

First will use Spark DataFrame withColumn() to cast the salary column from String Type to Integer Type, this withColumn() transformation takes the column name you wanted to convert as a first argument and for the second argument you need to apply the casting method cast().

import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.col
import org.apache.spark.sql.types.IntegerType

// Convert String to Integer Type
val df2= df.withColumn("salary",col("salary").cast(IntegerType))
df2.printSchema()
df2.show()

Outputs below schema & DataFrame.

Alternatively, you can also change the data type using below.

df.withColumn("salary",col("salary").cast("int"))
df.withColumn("salary",col("salary").cast("integer"))

3. Using select() Example

Following example uses selectExpr() transformation of SataFrame on order to change the data type.

// Using select
df.select(col("salary").cast("int").as("salary")).printSchema()

//Using selectExpr()
df.selectExpr("cast(salary as int) salary").printSchema()

4. Using Spark SQL – Cast String to Integer Type

Spark SQL expression provides data type functions for casting and we can’t use cast() function. Below INT(string column name) is used to convert to Integer Type.

df.createOrReplaceTempView("CastExample")
df4=spark.sql("SELECT firstname,age,isGraduated,INT(salary) as salary from CastExample")

5. Conclusion

In this simple Spark article, I have covered how to convert the DataFrame column from String Type to Integer Type using cast() function and applying it with withColumn(), select(), selectExpr() and finally Spark SQL table.

Happy Learning !!

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