Read a text File into a String and Strip Newlines

How to read a text file into a string variable and strip newlines in Python? Text files often contain newline characters that can complicate processing the contents of the file. Python provides different methods for reading a text file into a string variable and removing newlines.

1. Quick Examples of Reading File to a String and Strip Newlines

These are some of the quick examples of how to read a text file into a string variable and strip newlines. We will discuss each method in detail later on.


# Quick Examples of Reading File to a String and Strip Newlines

# Method 1: read() and replace() methods
file = open('file.txt', 'r')
data = file.read()
clean_data=data.replace('\n', '')
file.close()

# Method 2 : readlines() method and join() method
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
    lines = file.readlines()
    content = '\r'.join(lines)
    clean_content = content.replace('\n','')
print(repr(clean_content))

# Method 3: Splitlines method
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
    content = file.read()
    splited_data = content.splitlines()
    clean_content = ''.join(splited_data)
print(clean_content)

2. Read a text File into a String and Strip Newlines

As I mentioned in the beginning, the simplest way to read a text file into a string variable and strip newlines in Python is by using the read() and replace() methods.

Steps to read a text file into a string and strip newlines in Python

Open the file using the open() function
Use the read() method to read the file
Use the replace() method to replace any newline characters
Store the resulting string in a variable
Close the file

See the following example:


# Open the file
file = open('file.txt', 'r')

# Read the file
data = file.read()

# Replace the new line character
clean_data=data.replace('\n', '')

# Close the file
file.close()

3. Using readlines() method and join() method

You can use the Python readlines() method to read the text file into a list of lines, and then use the join() method to join the lines together into a single string, this technique will use the replace() method to replace to strip the new lines.

See the below code examples:


# Read the file with Context Manager
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
    # Read all lines to list
    lines = file.readlines()
    # Join the lines 
    content = '\r'.join(lines)
    # Strip the new line
    clean_content = content.replace('\n','')
print(repr(clean_content))

4. splitlines() method and join() method

This method is also really helpful, Here, we use the join() method to join a list of strings together into a single string, but instead of using the readlines() method to read the entire file into a list of lines, we can use the splitlines() method to split the string into a list of lines based on newline characters.


# Using the splitlines() function
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
    # Reading the file
    content = file.read()
    # Spliting the file
    splited_data = content.splitlines()
    # Joining the lines
    clean_content = ''.join(splited_data)
print(clean_content)

5. Using a for loop and strip() method

This is a simple, yet powerful approach, here we use Python for loop to iterate over the file data (read from a text file) and strip the new line character from the contents.

Follow these steps to read a text file and then strip the newline character.

Open the file using the open() function
Use a for loop to iterate over each line in the file.
For each line, use the strip() method to strip any newline.
Concatenate the stripped line onto a string variable.
After the loop finishes, close the file object.

See the code example following this method.


# Using the strip() method
filename = "file.txt"
file_contents = ""

# Read the file and iterate on it
with open(filename, "r") as f:
    for line in f:
        stripped_line = line.strip()
        file_contents += stripped_line

print(file_contents)

6. rstrip() method and join() method

The rstrip() method is very similar to the strip() method. It is used to remove only the new line and white spaces at the end of the line.

See the below example:


# Using rstip() Function
filename = "file.txt"

# Read the file and concatenate it
with open(filename, "r") as f:
    file_contents = f.readlines()
    file_contents = [line.rstrip() for line in file_contents]
    file_contents = "".join(file_contents)

print(file_contents)

7. Summary and Conclusion

In this Python article, we have learned about the different methods to read a text file and then assign it to a variable by stripping the newline character. I hope this article was helpful. If you have any questions, please leave them in the comment section.

Happy Coding!